21.3

Citations

1. https://artlyst.com/news/robert-morris-pioneer-minimalism-dies-age-87/ 11/30/2018 Robert Morris Pioneer of Minimalism Dies Age 87," Artlyst, 30 November 2018.

2. https://ia800706.us.archive.org/16/items/robertm00morr/robertm00morr.pdf 1/1/1970 Robert Morris: The Mind/Body Problem (New York, NY: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1994),.

3. Robert Morris, "Notes on Dance" The Tulane Drama Review 10:2 (Winter, 1965) , pp. 179 - 186.

4. Robert Morris. The Mind/Body Problem undefined 1/1/1970 P 160 undefined.

   In February 1964. Morris performed 21.3 (no. 57) before a small audience at the Surplus Dance Theater in New York. Clad in a neat gray suit and tie, he stood behind a podium, masquerading as an art historian for twenty minutes, as he lip-synched his own reading of the opening of Erwin Panofsky's well-known essay "Iconography and Iconology." But if Panofsky approaches the question of "meaning" in the visual arts by means of a careful separation of layers of visual information, moving from brutishly nonsignifying visual shape through stages of conventional gesture, and from there to the illustration of ideas to be found in cultural texts, Morris's performance was intended as a subversion of the very notion of this logic. As happens when a single word is repeated until nothing remains but a shell of pure sound, 21.3 produces the effect of form engulfing meaning, thereby closing off the very distinction between form and content on which Panofsky's demonstration had depended. –

5. https://1995-2015.undo.net/it/evento/74384 7/24/2008 Press for screening of Robert Morris' Performances at Monika Sprüth Philomene Magers, London.